Astronomy

Strongest Solar Eruption Of 2025 Lights Up Skies With Auroras, Triggers Blackouts

Scientists have warned of a geomagnetic storm.

Harsh Vardhan
Harsh Vardhan
5 Min Read
Solar Storm
The most powerful solar eruption of 2025 has triggered intense auroras in polar regions and beyond. Image: NASA/RyanFrench

Scientists have recorded the strongest solar flare of 2025, accompanied by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) which have triggered auroras in the polar regions, Europe, parts of Canada and the US.

The eruption occurred on the sunspot AR4274 on November 11, causing radio blackouts across Africa and Europe. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has warned of strong geomagnetic storm (G3) for November 12 and a minor one (G2) for November 13 due to the CMEs.

Solar flares are intense burst of radiation and light from the Sun whereas CMEs are release of charged solar particles which create auroras when they interact with Earth’s magnetosphere and atmospheric gases in the polar regions.

The recent CME burst reportedly occurred on November 9 and 10, and they are now reaching Earth. On the same days, the sunspot AR4274 produced X1.7 and X1.2-class flares, and their combined effect could bring a severe geomagnetic storm (G4).

“CME passage continues and G1-G4 (Minor-Severe) storm levels are expected to continue to occur throughout the overnight,” the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center said in a statement, explaining that the magnetic cloud is now passing over Earth and will continue to do so for several hours.

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“SWPC forecasters believe that Earth was and is being impacted by the first two of three anticipated CME arrivals. We believe the final and most energetic CME has yet to arrive and may still be on track for a midday (EST) or so arrival,” the NOAA said. “We are seeing indications of another, perhaps stronger CME moving through space and that could be the third CME we are still awaiting according to our forecast and noted in the included model run.”

Several solar scientists like Dr. Ryan French have shared visuals of the solar eruptions along with images of auroras captured from their regions. Others posted pictures of colourful night skies seen in states as far south as Arizona in the US. 

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